Introduction
According to the National Down Syndrome Society, Down Syndrome occurs
when a child is born with an extra chromosome. The extra chromosome
causes delays in a child's mental and physical development. Physical
characteristics and physiological issues associated with Down syndrome
might differ greatly from one kid to the next.
This extra genetic material disrupts the path of development, resulting
in the Down Syndrome traits. Low muscle tone, tiny height, an upward
slant to the eyes, and a single deep crease across the centre of the
palm are some of the physical hallmarks of Down syndrome, however each
person with Down syndrome is unique and may have these characteristics
to varying degrees, or not at all.
Down Syndrome is commonly defined as a condition caused
by an extra copy of chromosome 21 and characterised by facial
dysmorphology, a proportionately big tongue, poor muscular tone, short
height, and intellectual incapacity.
Obstructive sleep apnea, as well as
vision and hearing difficulties, may be associated disorders. Receptive
language frequently outnumbers production language, spatial memory is
regarded to be superior to verbal memory, and global processing is
thought to be superior to local processing. Adults with DS experience
accelerated ageing and an increased risk of getting Alzheimer's disease.
The DS brain is often described as growing reasonably normally during
the first few months after birth 5, after which growth slows, with
cerebral cortex regions being especially diminished.