Population monitoring of animals requires various methods which are used by researchers. The conventional approaches to studying the population involve field surveys through which scientists use a count or a sampling plot to determine the density of the population. Tagging and tracking is the process of putting devices like radio collars or Global Positioning System trackers on the animals to determine the movement and the behavior over an extended time.
Technological innovation with the advent of remote sensing and camera traps can be used to monitor hard-to-see species and nocturnal species non-invasively. Collected data is then analysed through statistical models to estimate the size of a population and to forecast what changes to expect in the future, which helps in making decision in regard to wildlife management.