Depression and anxiety are the most common emotional health issues among older adults. Karel et al. (2012) highlighted that older adults often experience significant life changes, such as the loss of loved ones, which can trigger emotional distress.
Effective screening and early intervention are critical in addressing these conditions. Cognitive decline, including conditions such as dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), affects millions of aging individuals. Fernandes and Paúl (2017) underscored the importance of mental exercises, such as puzzles and memory games, alongside physical activity, in maintaining cognitive health. Aging often requires adapting to new roles and routines, such as retirement or caregiving. These changes can be stressful and require emotional resilience. Support systems, such as counseling or peer groups, can aid in navigating these transitions effectively. Breaking down these challenges into specific categories helps to better understand and address the diverse mental health needs of older adults. Older adults face distinct mental health challenges, including depression, anxiety, and cognitive decline. According to Karel et al. (2012), aging brings an increased vulnerability to mental health conditions due to factors such as physical health deterioration, social isolation, and changes in life roles. Moreover, these challenges are often underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed due to stigma and the normalization of mental health symptoms as part of aging.
