Effects
There are a lot of environmental problems that are caused by the acid rain. Here's a table describing in brief about effects of acid rain:
| Direct Effects | Toxic Effects | Nutrients Effects | |
| Soil | Some Organisms Cannot tolerate the change in pH. | Reduce the population of Soil. | Increase in acidity leads to accelerated leaching of calcium |
| Water | Damage organisms | Build up of mucus on fish gills and death from lack of oxygen | Eutrophication |
| Living Organisms | Damages tree leaves | Trees Uptake toxic aluminum ions from soils. | Reduced ability to carry out photosynthesis |
- Environmental impacts: Firstly, the concerns about the impact of the acid rain on environment, were expressed by the Robert smith in the England, in 1852 (Park, 1987). There are so many impacts of acid rain on the environment. It includes the change in the chemistry of water and damage to the aquatic spices in lakes and rivers,as we can see in Fig.1. In the early 1970s, some scientists stated that there is loss in the population of fishes especially trout and salmon species in rural lakes (Jensen and Snekvik, 1972). Acid rain decreases the level of PH in the water which leads to worse situations.
Fig. 1 - Fishes die because of Acidic Rain water in the sea
- Effects on buildings: In this modern era, the concern is mainly about the effect of acid on the natural environment, but it is also impacting the built in environment. Acid rain causes a lot of damage to the buildings. For example, marble, limestone and slate are more effected by the acid rain. Limestone is the most common building stone as it is abundant in availability, and it is very easy to work with this. Because of all these properties. Taj Mahal, which is made up of the pure white marble, has been dissolved by the acid rain it is get degraded because of the acid rain. Taj mahal is suffering from the damage of H2SO4.
- Effects on human beings: Acid rain is indirectly impacting human beings. But it is very dangerous for the human respiratory system and nervous system. When sulphuric acid is taken into the lungs, it causes asthma and so many other diseases. Acids produce highly toxic compounds which contaminate the water, which is drunk by human beings, and it leads to hazardous consequences for health.
