Natural Disaster

By Sukhmandeep Kaur

• Introduction
• Types
• Mitigation Strategies
• Role of Technology
• References

Types and Causes

The well-being of the populace is threatened by disasters, which also put a strain on social safety nets, halt socioeconomic advancement, and necessitate intricate aid and recovery measures. Tens of thousands of people have died in natural catastrophes in Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, China, Haiti, and Japan in the past ten years alone.
Some of the examples of natural disaster include the following:

• Earthquakes
• Floods
• Tsunamis
• Wildfires
• Hurricanes
• Droughts
• Landslides
• Tornadoes

There are several categorization systems for natural hazards in use across the world, and each has benefits. This book aims to highlight the need for a categorization scheme that is universally understandable as long as there isn't a single, globally accepted system. Natural risks are often categorized into these primary groups:
1. Geotectonic hazards:

 Natural processes that originate in the Earth's crust are known as geotectonic hazards. This motion enables the formation of oceanic ridges, mountain ranges, and subduction of oceanic plates beneath continental plates. These motions serve as the catalysts for mass movements, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and land elevation or subsidence.
2. Hydro meteorological hazards: Natural phenomena that originate in the atmosphere of the Earth. They are in charge of the changes in the climate that lead to storms, droughts, flash floods, and other extreme weather events.